Alexander Petrovich, the MOE regularly make forecasts to various natural disasters. They are based on the analysis of a large set of scientific data. Therefore, these forecasts trust, they take into account when making decisions. What should we expect from nature in the near future?
Alexander Chupriyan: If you talk about the operational expectations then the may holidays at a settled dry and warm weather traditionally increases the number of people, which invariably implies an increase in the number of wildfires in the immediate vicinity of the settlements.
And if you take the summer in General, fires are predicted in the South of the Far East and Siberia, to a lesser extent, in the European territory of the country. The fire season this year, one of the earliest, the first fires have been recorded already in February. We expect that the duration of the fire season will be longer than usual.
However, by the end of 2020, based on the operational data, the specialists of the Ministry predicted the decline in the number of fires by 1.7 percent, the number of deaths by 2.5 percent and injuries by 3 percent.
Early start of the fire season corresponds to your previous predictions?
Alexander Chupriyan: Yes. It was easy to predict, given milesnearest last winter. Winter this year was especially warm, and in some regions we can say that it was not quite. The lack of snow has led in many regions to water shortage.
we are Now carefully watching the situation on the territory of TRANS-Baikal, Khabarovsk, Primorye territories, in the South of the Krasnoyarsk territory, Republics of Buryatia, Tyva and Khakassia, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Amur and Voronezh and Rostov regions.
If the predicted hot summer, you may experience peat fires on the territory of the Vladimir, Ryazan, Moscow, Tver and Nizhny Novgorod regions. Of course, not such big, as in 2010. Some lessons we all have learned, and preventive measures are much more effective.
maybe just the coming summer is not as hot as in 2010?
Alexander Chupriyan: Summer, according to forecasts, can be very hot, but we are now better prepared to temperature risks. Over the years, we carried out the flooding of peat bogs, an increased number of observation posts and improved monitoring system, including from space. As well as increasing the efficiency of processing information and bringing it to the regions.
Where else would you expect the appearance of zones of climate risks?
Alexander Chupriyan: it is too early to say with precision, but the background of some of the abnormalsiy are in the southern regions of the European part of Russia. I mean the danger for the formation there of the drought.
We believe that in connection with the prevailing situation we can expect an increase in the number of tornadoes and other dangerous convective phenomena, including heavy rains, hail, squalls.
based On what are these expectations?
Alexander Chupriyan: This is due to the increase in air temperature and humidity. In addition to the increase of the total number of such phenomena, we can note a tendency to increase in territories exposed to such processes.
Traditionally from may through August, tornadoes are observed in the middle zone of Russia, to the Ural mountains, is particularly exposed to such phenomena the coast of the Black and Caspian seas. But in recent years isolated cases recorded in the North of the European part of Russia and in Siberia.
How effective was the technique to extinguish and stop fire?
Alexander Chupriyan: If we consider the main trends in the improvement of firefighting vehicles, we can note several trends. One of the most promising is the extension of the functionality of the fire truck when one car could perform the functions of the three vehicles – firefighting, rescue and lifting people and cargo to a height of.
this year is scheduled more than 7.7 billion rubles for the purchase of 617 units of modern firefighting and rescue equipment, which includes basic and special fire trucks.
But to buy – that’s half the battle, no less important to ensure the longevity of the equipment, in the language of submariners, its vitality. Not seen on fires burnt technique with melted plastic parts and lights.
Alexander Chupriyan: the fire Departments of EMERCOM of Russia in the first place requires a modern fire and rescue equipment, which is a technology-intensive complex. In the manufacture of such a vehicle using new components and modern technology. For the manufacture of body parts fire add-on application of light alloys – aluminum and titanium. Use of adhesive joining technology body-in-white. For the construction of tanks used fiberglass.
Why firefighters often cause later on the phone, although in the XXI century, electronic information technology stepped far forward?
Alexander Chupriyan: the Main type of communication used by the public to contact emergency services, is the traditional telephone network – wired and wireless.
the Federal law “On fire safety” stipulates that to receive reports of fires and emergency usewill esults uniform number of emergency call “112” and a telephone number for receiving reports of fires and emergency situations “101”.
And what about the human factor? The reason for almost the majority of wildfires are still burning dry grass and burning garbage. Or so hiding the traces of illegal logging. How to deal with it? What measures would you suggest?
Alexander Chupriyan: In General, the protection of settlements subject to the threat of forest fires, today sufficiently resolved. The situation is different from so-called landscape fires. For these purposes, developed a draft Federal law providing for the consolidation of the concepts of “landscape (natural) fire” and “wildfire”. The bill was approved by the relevant authorities and on 20 January made to the government of the Russian Federation.
Additionally, we believe that in order to improve protection from wildfires is necessary to establish laws of subjects of the Russian Federation administrative responsibility for violation of normative acts regulating fire safety requirements with the introduction of a special fire prevention regime, along with the deduction of sums of money from imposed fines to local budgets.
you also Need to consider the investment of officials of bodies of Executive power of constituent entities and local authorities the right to punish those responsible for the burning of dry grass under the Code of administrative offences.
How do you view the development of fire protection in Russia in the future?
Alexander Chupriyan: the Main directions of development of fire protection determined by the Fundamentals of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of fire safety for the period up to 2030. I can only add that to increase the effectiveness of firefighters will be required to actively develop laboratory and field experimental base for the study of fires, fire protection technology, fire protection safety, including in the framework of the national project “international cooperation and export”.
In accordance with this project will create a reference laboratory for the testing of exported fire safety products that will make the process of confirmation of conformity of products to foreign standards and standards more understandable and accessible to a wide range of potential domestic exporters, especially for small and medium-sized businesses.
as of the end of April since the beginning of year in Russia has occurred more than 157 thousand fires, which killed more than 2990 people.
