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is it Possible to be infected with the coronavirus twice? Why some suffer illness heavier than the other? Will the epidemic recur every winter? Will the vaccine? Is it possible to go back to work if there is a certificate of immunity? Is there a strategy to fight the virus in the long term?

And the main question that interests today all — what role in this new reality plays with our immune system?

the Problem is that this very little is known. Our immune system is to protect the body from infections, and it consists of two parts.

the First component is innate immune system. He rushes into battle as soon as recognize in our body a foreign element. This process leads to the emission of chemical elements that cause inflammation, and white blood cells that can destroy infected cells.

But in the case of coronavirus need another component is acquired immunity, which includes two mechanisms. The first is the ability to produce antibodies that stick to the virus and inhibit its spread in the body. The second is the so — called T-lymphocytes which recognize and attack infected cells.

the activation of the acquired immune system takes time — according to studies, about 10 days, so that the body has started producing antibodies to coronavirus, after which the most severe patients develop a powerful immune response.

the stronger the collision of acquired immunity to the infection, the higher the probability that in the future people will be protected from re-infection with the same virus.

How long immunity? The more severe is the disease, the higher the chances of formation of immunity against it in the future, scientists believe.

the Memory of our immune system is similar to our own memory: some infection she remembers hard, and others may forget.

Measles is remembered perfectly, one time refresher it, you for life get the immune system (the same effect is the combined MMR vaccine against measles, rubella and mumps, which is a mixture of their weakened nosubtitles).

the New coronavirus Sars-CoV-2 appeared relatively recently, so it is unknown how long he remains in the memory of the immune system. However, the tip can give the remaining six coronaviruses that can also be infected persons.

Four of them cause symptoms similar to the common cold, and our system does not remember: studies show that some patients re-infected with them within a year.

However, a common cold usually is relatively easy. However, there are still two problematic coronavirus that cause severe acute respiratortion syndrome (SARS) and middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Antibodies produced in the body to fight these diseases do not disappear and after a few years.

“the Question is not is produced if you have immunity, but how long will it last, explains Professor of medicine at the University of East Anglia Paul hunter. And almost certainly it will not persist for the whole life”.

However, even if you do not have full immunity, there is a possibility that recurrent disease will not be as heavy.

There is evidence of people who, apparently, had several coronavirus infections in a short period of time.

Some believe that these people real double-infected with coronavirus. Others are inclined to think that the infection occurred once, but the virus remains in the body in a latent form, then to reactiviate.

But most scientists agree that all matter in the analysis: just patients incorrectly reported that the virus they have.

One of the men didn’t infect it again to check whether they have immunity, but a pair of rhesus monkeys lucky.

This is not a guarantee and this is why the who is so concerned about countries that have imposed so-called immune passport for quarantine removal.

the intent of this innovation, those who have when testing revealed antibodies to Covid-19, you could afford to safely go to work. This especially would be useful in the case of nursing homes and hospital staff are in constant contact with people with a high risk of getting severe.

although almost everyone in the blood are antibodies, they are not all the same. This requires neutralizing antibodies that bind to the coronavirus and prevent it to infect new cells.

But a survey of 175 of recovered patients in China showed that 30% of them the level of such neutralizing antibodies was very low.

That’s why, according to who, an extremely important factor of recovery can also be the immune system at the cellular level.

This is a question of your health and whether you get sick Covid-19 again, and how often it will happen.

immunity depends on the lethality of this disease. If people have to appear at least partial protective immunity, the disease is not so dangerous.

If you develop long-term immunity to the virus will be difficult, and to develop a vaccine from it would not be easy. Or the vaccine will be different: for example, to use it will be asked more than once in a lifetime, and every year, as is the case with the flu.

Yes, and the duration of immunity regardless of, whether developed on�� in the present disease or vaccination, please let us know if we can contain the spread of the virus.

Alas, all of these important questions have no answers.