In some post-Soviet countries the highest pension and the lowest pension age and experience?
At the end of 2019, the average old-age pension in Russia has reached 15.5 thousand RUB., but the average pension, taking into account the payment of disability and survivor benefits increased to 14.16 thousand a Lot or a little? Depends on who and how to compare. It is more logical to compare with our neighbors, who lived under one roof in the Soviet Union.
Today, in terms of rubles, the highest pension in Estonia — up to 35 thousand rubles a., and the lowest a little more than 2 thousand rbl. — in Tajikistan (see infographic). Why it is so easy to guess.
“all post-Soviet countries is dominated by a solidarity system, when the income of retirees depends on the salaries of those who continue to work — says associate Professor Northwest Institute of managment Artem Golubev. In the Baltic States after the collapse of the Soviet Union included in the European Union, wages are highest. While Tajikistan has had a civil war and not clearly determined the course of development of the economy, lost the last 30 years. Every third employee in the country working illegally and makes no contributions to the pension Fund”.
However, any post-Soviet country, even cutting the expenses, retirees can’t live the same way as in the time when they can work. At the Convention of the International labour organization (ILO), which was recently ratified by Russia, the minimum ratio of average pension to average salary in the country should reach 40%. This minimum in 2019 exceeded only by Kazakhstan (47%) and Azerbaijan (41%). Exactly in the norm, the ILO has placed Belarus. While Georgia, Armenia, and Tajikistan have lasted only up to 16-23%.
“Russia on the level of pensions in comparison with its neighbors — average. Typical state pension replaces wages by 30%, which is close to the situation in the Baltic States. And it is the ceiling that can afford our country, taking into account economic development and demographic situation, when a disabled pensioner has only two employees. And personal pension savings in any of the post-Soviet countries do not play a role,” — said Golubev.
When the population ages, governments around the world seek to reduce the proportion of retirees and raise the retirement age. On the territory of the USSR it is Lithuania, back in 1995, requiring men to work for a year longer and women two. And now in this country is the third phase of pension reform, which in 2026 all people will retire at 65.
In 1998, began to raise the retirement age Moldavia and Kazakhstan, in 1999, did Latvia, in 2001, Armenia and Tajikistan, in 2010 — Azerbaijan, in 2011 in Ukraine. In 2017-2018, this unpopular measure was decided Belarus, EstoniaI and Russia. “The only country that left the Soviet age of retirement, Uzbekistan. But there are talks that with 2022, it is advisable to enhance. Uzbek Finance Ministry has proposed 63-58 years. But this act has not yet passed, — says the Deputy Director of the International Association of pension and social funds Andrew mardzvincau. — All other post-Soviet countries are planning to finalize its pension reform no later than 2028, With eight of them set for men and women of the same age.”
“also Increases the minimum pensionable service giving entitlement to a pension insurance for old age — adds Golubev. — In Russia, today he is 11 years and 15 years. Even a country like Belarus, most consistently demonstrating loyalty to the Soviet traditions and the principles of social justice, decided to raise the insurance period to 20 years.”
the least you need to fulfill to obtain a pension insurance, after reaching legal age in Georgia and Turkmenistan — 5 years. Most in the future will have to work in Ukraine for 35 years.
