Konstantin Mikhailov, chief editor of “heritage institutions”In a “Napoleonic theatre” give a new play — so far without zritelyu the end of June in Moscow decided the fate of the old city mansion Pozdnyakova on the corner of Bolshaya Nikitskaya and the Leontief lane. The Moscow’s Department published the order (signed at the beginning of the month) for the inclusion in the Unified state register of objects of cultural heritage of Russia the main house (building 1) and is the street wing (building 2). But second, yard wing of the same manor (building 3) in the security status is denied, it is now possible to create and build this place. From the protected from the new building site there’s also manor courtyard, that is all nonsense.It seems that is coming true what we warned six months ago in the “Big Nikitsky offensive” (see “Ogonek”№ 2 for the year 2020). Then the city suddenly bought another house in Bolshaya Nikitskaya street, which worried Moscow public— house Bulochnikova. And bought only to save him from a radical restructuring of a private owner. Alas, already in Moscow it was said that the miraculous salvation of the house Bulochnikova is only part of the operation to “exchange” it for permission to redraw the estate Pozdnyakova. Then, a similar version to believe is not wanted, and now — inevitably have.Napoleon, the Cossacks, Griboedov…Urban HOMESTEAD on the corner of Bolshaya Nikitskaya and the Leontief built in the 1780-ies, has changed several owners, but entered into history under the name of major-General Peter Pozdnyakova, who in 1810-ies made it, as a loved one time to do eminent Muscovites, home theater with discharged from abroad “stage machines”. The position of Director was performed by the famous actor Sila Sandunov. The theater was immortalized in Griboyedov “Woe from wit”: “the House is painted in greens the groves, he’s fat — his actors are skinny…”In fact, to open a theatre in the devastated Moscow ordered the Emperor Napoleon, that enlightened officers and soldiers have something to include, in addition to looting and drunkenness. Before the war in Moscow was a French company, and of the actors remained in the city. In Pozdnyakov’s house in Bolshaya Nikitskaya street, not burned in the fire, showed up the home theater scene.In September 1812, her hastily put in order: hang a curtain made of brocade, above the ground instead of a chandelier taken from the Church, the chandelier, the costumes, the actors are sewn from pieces of priestly vestments, which the soldiers exchanged for bread. The orchestra was recruited from the regimental musicians. There are no tickets, the posters were painted by hand, but entrance taking money.13 Sep “Napoleonic theatre” opened with two plays: Comedy “the Game of love and chance” and a vaudeville “a Lover, a writer and a lackey”. Then was given ten performances, which lasted until ��amogo the departure of the French from Moscow. Especially delighted the audience with their concerts Russian dances.In the evenings, Pozdnyakova house was glowing with lights, the street was crowded with carriages. Around the house stood guards and many barrels of water — the French were afraid of arson. The stalls occupied by the soldiers in the first ranks of the guards; in the boxes sat the officers, generals and marshals. Napoleon himself visited the theater; performances did not attend, but came several times to listen to Opera arias, which for him was played by actress Louise Fusi, who left the memoir.By the way, Napoleon in Moscow, oddly enough, did a lot of theater. Before the departure of the great army from Moscow, he spent three evenings editing the Charter of the theater “Comedie Francaise” (the academic theatre is also called the House of Moliere, true to the tradition of the Imperial Charter which ensures to this day). There is even a version that Napoleon thought of one of the actors “Komedi fransez” to write to Moscow “to strengthen” local French company. Alas, has not developed from these sessions, the Emperor was distracted by the news of the defeat of Marshal Murat at Tarutino…Once the house Pozdnyakova was a fine example of Moscow’s “pre-fire” (talking about the 1812, of course) classicism. The famous architect M. F. Kazakov included it in their “Albums particularistic buildings”, where were presented the best classical buildings in Moscow. In the second half of the nineteenth century, home ownership became profitable: the main house built, depriving classical portico. And in the Soviet years it has rewarded two more floors. But today the former city estate retains the original composition with the main house, with two symmetrical wings and a closed courtyard. And at the heart of it all the same XVIII century walls that remember Kazakova, Griboyedov and Napoleon.The Department of cultural heritage against Moskomnaslediya historical and cultural examination on the basis of which the Department of cultural heritage has granted protected status to the two manor buildings and denied him the third, was published on the website of the Moscow cultural heritage Department and even held a “public discussion”. It is authored by the expert from Tomsk PP Zybaylo (closer cooperative specialists to assess historical and cultural values of the old manor house, apparently, was not). And the official Contracting expertise Zybaylo was listed Mary ol’shanskaya, “public Commissioner for culture of the city of Moscow” and member of the working group of the Department of entrepreneurship and innovative development of Moscow on support of subjects of small and average business. No relation to the urban estate Pozdnyakova it, at least according to publicly available sources, has not. In a media interview, she explained: “Made by the customer, because this�� my professional activities. I am a lawyer and for 6 years took part in more than 20 projects of the adaptation of historic buildings for modern use.”So, the expert Zybaylo, acting on request of the lawyer Olshansky, deprived of the right to state protection of one of the pair of the farmstead outbuildings, no different from the brother, and even brought a closed inner courtyard of the monument, that is “allowed” to build up. The Moscow’s Department agreed with this assessment.There is, however, one amazing fact that is unique to these stories with a customized expertise. The fact that in order to make a decision about the fate of the estate Pozdnyakova, a Moscow’s Department did not need to study the “examination” of Mr. Sibila, to analyze scientific text (with the term “UNESCO”, etc.) and the more dirty your official website publish it.The Department of cultural heritage was enough to extract from the archive a true state historical-cultural examination of the same household, made in 2010, venerable expert, doctor of architecture, Chairman of Scientific-methodical Council of the Department of cultural heritage of Andrei Batalov. A. Batalov made the reasonableness of the inclusion in the Unified state register of monuments of Russia the whole estate complex of three buildings, and as an ensemble. And the territory of the monument, of course, judge A. L. Batalov has determined to include all three buildings and the manor yard.Photo: Hulton Archive / Getty Madei the Department of cultural heritage (the heritage Committee) October 12, 2010 released an official document of agreement with the expert opinion of A. L. Batalov. This document was approved and signed by Alexey Emelyanov, Deputy Chairman moskomnasledie 2010 and head of the Department of cultural heritage 2020.Since 2010, neither the estate nor its history nor in its architecture, nothing has changed. Therefore, no legitimate reason to overestimate its value and insights Batalov does not exist. However, in 2020, Moscow’s Department agreed with the examination of p. P. Zybaylo, with its opposite conclusions and cut the soles of the two buildings the territory of the monument. But this means that it has thrown into the dustbin examination of the Chairman of the Scientific and methodological Council. There it has sent an official document signed by your supervisor. And there — the requirements of the Federal law on cultural heritage, which clearly States: “Territory of object of cultural heritage is the territory directly occupied by the object of cultural heritage and (or) related historically and functionally”. Manor courtyard, it turns out, is not connected with the estate?!Activists capital graduading of “Arhnadzor” sent to the Department detailed remarkedia to the examination of Mr. Sibila. In response to the letter signed by the Deputy head of the Moscow cultural heritage Department Leonid Kondrashov argues that the decision of moskomnasledie 2010 was not final, and details of the examination report Batalov “subject to change”. Because it was not carried out “restoration studies”, and for the examination of p. P. Zybaylo in 2020 was carried out, say, “full-scale study repulsed the plaster.” Because the alleged domestic outbuilding was not considered to be protected.There is something wrong, colleagues. You either need to invalidate the expertise and solutions 2010 or 2020. Because it is impossible to sign about one and the same object documents the opposite of the content. And at the same time it is necessary to declare to the world that the expert from Tomsk Zybaylo explored the manor wing is deeper and more objective than doctor of architecture, Andrey Batalov, head of Scientific-methodological Council of the Department of cultural heritage of Moscow.With the “cropped” area of the monument — even “curiouser”. Leonid Kondrashev, justifying it, refers not to the norm of law (!), and on a certain method developed by the sue “research and project Institute of Moscow city master Plan” (now agrarian UNIVERSITY “Institute of Moscow city master Plan”) in 2008. It is in the best tradition of Luzhkov’s town-planning is required to consider “features of the future development of the area”.A plan of land survey, approved in 2002, writes further L. Kondrashev, the area of the structure 3 (the one demoted from monuments in the yard wing) “categorized as construction sites and vacant lots”. Could this be the solution? Was the wing of XVIII–XIX centuries, and will be the site of the XXI century.Delicate osvoeniyu ol’shanskaya actually confirmed in a recent interview that the territory will turn into a large construction site. She promises to “work with this subject delicately enough”, the household will remain residential with commercial area on the ground floor. But the underground space under the house developers are going to learn, which means the pit is at least the manor courtyard. Yard and an outbuilding, according to “the Commissioner for public culture” (I would like to know — whom?), “it has no architectural value”. According to my information, it will be demolished and replaced by a new building, keep succeed unless some fragments of masonry of the XVIII century.I’m not inclined to think that Moscow’s Department does not appreciate any of the expert reputation of the Chairman of the Advisory Board, nor the signature of his supervisor. Most likely, the decisions of the 2020 aim, sacrificing a wing, “which it does not see,” save as monuments and to restore the main house and an outhouse on the alley. My sources in city hall hinted that even to defend them from SN��sa and a radical restructuring was very difficult.Is willing to believe, if we consider the whole history. Choicest plot on Bolshaya Nikitskaya street has long attracted a variety of developers who are profitable valued much higher than standing on the building. Them in the early 2000-ies of the declared emergency (and by 2020, safely brought to this state), forcibly evicted the residents and tenants. Anything other than administrative pressure, I can’t explain the fact that the heritage Committee 2010, agreeing with the recognition of monuments of all manor buildings, they could not then release a “final” document on the enrolment in the state register.Anything other than pressure from above, I am not able to explain and present solutions, dismembering the urban HOMESTEAD and its territory.At the time, I have seen a variety of development projects “development” of the estate Pozdnyakova — and with the notorious “atrium” instead of the yard, and added to 5 floors wings demolished and rebuilt, and a concrete 8-storey box sticking out at the place of the courtyard wing, visible even from the area Nikitsky gate. The social struggle against the predatory urban development still bearing fruit; the scandalous story of the beginning of 2020 with the house Bulochnikova, according to my information, restrain the appetites, and the new building in the manor Pozdnyakova, as suggested by the sources, at least nowhere outside will not be visible.Which of course makes it neither legal, nor acceptable.The TEFL blacklist?According to sources, the author has reason to believe that the current developer urban estate Pozdnyakov — the same as the several other problem-scandalous address Moscow urban planning recently. Judging by the footfall, the developer of the maximum influential — he persistently and systematically seek their own, even in the protected zone of the Moscow Kremlin.So it seems to me that this developer, like the only viewer, knowing in advance the outcome of urban plays, chuckles from secluded lodges — and of performers of the first and second plan, and critics over and over a simple-minded audience, standing at the theater entrance with quotations from the law on cultural heritage. Is this the new law of the genre, and each time, in order to defend humane towards the historical city and the appropriate law solution, we need massive public outrage, as it was with the house Bulochnikova or with the well-known pavilion on Patriarshiye Prudy?
