Recall that earlier, following the meeting of the RAS Council on space with participation of the head of the state Dmitry Rogozin and the President of RAS Alexander Sergeev was reported that the Russian program of lunar exploration will be implemented in several stages until 2040. So, till 2025 it is planned to work out all the technology on the ISS, the creation of the base module, the lunar station, the test of manned spacecraft of the future “Federation”, an unmanned flyby of the moon “Federation” and the study of the moon automatic stations. The second stage – working out of means of access to the surface of the moon, first manned flights and accommodation first elements of the visited bases. In the third stage should be completed construction of a full visited the lunar base. The station can be created by 2030 and 2035. And the first astronauts landing is designed for a two-week stay on the moon’s surface.
ultimately, experts say, we are talking about creating long-term lunar base – not inhabited and visited. Mainly is the transition to robotic systems, avatars, that will solve the problems on the surface of the moon. According to the head of the Roscosmos, Dmitry Rogozin, this task is more ambitious and responsible than the one that faced US during their lunar program in the 60-ies and 70-ies.
In October of next year the planned launch of the spacecraft Luna-25. This will be the first after 45-year hiatus, the start to the moon: the last one was held in 1976. His main task will be a remote study and selection of suitable sites for future landers and lander to explore the surface near the South pole, including cryogenic drilling to a depth of two meters.
Then, “Luna-26” will create a three-dimensional map of the moon for the first landing of the Russian cosmonauts. As the Director of the Institute of space research Russian Academy of Sciences Anatoly Petrukovich at the meeting of the RAS Council on the space, for the first time using stereo will create a topographic map of the moon with a resolution of 2-3 meters. On the plane it is already after work an American spacecraft, but here with processing of stereo images and analyzing the light received will be the universal height map of the entire moon with high precision.
Specifically for the operation of the stereo camera is selected, the height of the orbit, “moon-26” above the lunar surface – about 60 kilometers. The launch of “Luna-26” is planned for 2024.
Also it was reported that Roskosmos plans to allocate 594 million rubles for the schematic design of the station “Luna-28”, which will bring lunar soil to Earth. According to plans, the launch of the lunar landing station “Luna-28” (“Luna-Grunt”) from the Vostochny cosmodrome using rocket “Angara-A5” with upper stage block DM-03 is planned in 2027. The station will makebe landing on the South pole of the moon to take lunar soil samples are frozen and returned to Earth in a special capsule.
According to head of the Department of nuclear safety and planetology space research Institute Igor Mitrofanov, “Luna-28” can deliver on the Ground from two to four kilograms of lunar soil samples. Only a station can take ten samples of the lunar soil to a depth of one meter, the mass of each of them is 150 grams. Scientists expect that each sample would contain up to eight grams of water in a frozen state.
meanwhile, the new Russian ship “eagle” needs to make a manned lunar flyby in 2029. This follows from the presentation of the first Deputy head of Roskosmos Yuri Urlichich at the Academic readings on cosmonautics in memory of S. P. Korolev.
So, in 2028, it is planned unmanned lunar flyby spacecraft “eagle”, in 2029 – a manned flyby and testing of a manned vehicle docking with a lunar takeoff and landing complex. Also in 2029, it is planned to send automatic lunar Rover.
In the presentation mentioned the Russian moon program, in which planned several missions “Luna-glob” (2021), the Orbiter “Luna – resource-1” (2024), a boarding device “Luna – Resource-1” (2025), “Luna-Grunt” (2028).
the First test launch of the ship “eagle” (formerly known as “the Federation”) to be held in 2023, its first unmanned flight to the International space station (ISS) – in 2024, and a manned mission to the station in 2025.
