Tokon Mamytov, the Ombudsman of the Kyrgyz Republic:
for the First time, we are faced with the question of the return of kirgizstana and their children from the war zones in October 2018. To me there came parents of two women who went to the so-called hot spots. But in General the problem is more extensive in the Republic began only in early 2019.
it turned Out that many relatives of citizens who have left the hot spots, as a rule, did not report it to law enforcement agencies or intelligence agencies, because they do not trust. Instead of helping, the security forces often started checking the applicants themselves. But we managed to change the situation. Today the country has a special working group that deals with issues concerning the return of kirgizstana and their children, and we gave back all our existing documents.
I personally held a series of meetings with representatives of several international organizations that have responded to my personal appeal for help in identifying our citizens who are in a combat zone. In Syria, as it turned out, today is more than 70 women from Kyrgyzstan and 40 of their children. A little less in Iraq. When counting, however, there are a lot of nuances. For example, a woman went to the middle East alone, there married and had a child. The kid has no ID, and identification difficulties. Especially if the woman was married several times. There are such facts. After all, in the territories controlled by the militants, it was not Registrar, and the ceremony of marriage took place under Sharia law. Therefore, in some cases it is necessary to conduct a DNA analysis to prove the relationship of the child and the mother, the procedure is costly and difficult. It often takes the death of the father of the minor, but who will he be discharged if he fought in the anti-government group?
Yuliya Denisenko, head of Public centre “Asia groups – countering violent extremism”:
– More than 12 years ago in the CIS opened its first Fund, which deals with the problems of the people involved in extremist religious movements. Three years ago we started working in Kyrgyzstan. Why it is necessary to pay attention to such matters? On this depends the public safety.
In extremist organizations no gender differences. There are many videos in which the terrorist attacks are calling not only men, but women as well. And I can say that in all of my work for the rehabilitation of people who returned from areas of terrorist activity, positive examples of people returning to normal life in society, one. Trauma that moved these people, so just don’t heal.
in General, In the countries of the CentreAsia heating of the hot spots returned 914 people. Such people must work with specially trained psychologists, which, however, are sorely lacking. The world health organization has recognized that dependence on a cult organization to which a listed terrorist group is a special social connection, and just from this ailment is not cured. The period of rehabilitation of such people is approximately seven years, and only after the specified period, unless there was remission, we can say that the patient is improving, and he is cured.
as for participation in the rehabilitation of theologians, then, in my opinion, they should be brought into the process last. At first, the conversations on high spiritual topics with former members of terrorist groups do not have the desired effect. After all, the consciousness of such people is manipulated, and, once in normal circumstances, they do not perceive the different kind of information. In fact, we virtually re-teach them to live.
we face a number of risks, including the lack of methodological base. Because the problem, in fact, new. There are difficulties with financing. We receive funds from the red cross and UNICEF, but they are not enough. Then, as the break started, the program cannot be, since returnees may be rejection of the society that increases the likelihood of joining the local radical cells.
Kairat Karmanov, a representative of the Antiterrorist center of the CIS:
– currently most of the world, including CIS countries, are faced with two categories of citizens, in respect of which it is necessary to build a particular algorithm of actions. The first and quite expected – persons who directly participated in hostilities on the side of terrorist organizations and returning from conflict zones to the place of primary residence or moved in transit to other areas. The second is the families of militants who were captured in Syria and Iraq and has become currently the object of extradition.
In the analytical report of the Executive Directorate of the counter-terrorism Committee of the UN Security Council (CTC IDS), published in September 2019, it is noted that to date no accurate information on the number, nationality, age, sex of persons detained on suspicion of links with ISIS (organization banned in Russia and Kyrgyzstan, Approx. ed.) and contained in camps in Syria and Iraq. In this regard, control over the process of repatriation remains the prerogative of individual States who carry out this work on a bilateral basis. In some countries, however, this process interfere with debates. There is, ��for example, in some countries of Europe. Not all representatives of the international community support the idea of the return of militants and their family members out of fear that the authorities at home will not be enough evidence for convictions.
the Problem with returning family members of the fighters is in the focus of our Center and special services of the CIS countries. As rightly noted by the experts of the international terrorist organization is not only fighting cells, but a subculture that promotes a particular way of life and change people’s minds. Some of the women who visited ISIS, upon returning home, continue the destructive activity as a recruiter, agitators and even suicide bombers. Potential threat transferred in the near future, comes from a certain part of the minor “returnees”.
Intelligence agencies and law enforcement agencies of the CIS countries acquired the necessary experience of solving such kind of problems. Special programs are being implemented in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It is a unique experience, and it is not surprising that they were interested in our foreign partners. In 2018 between the Antiterrorist center of the CIS and the United Nations, through its counter-terrorism management signed a Memorandum of understanding. The parties had the opportunity to initiate joint projects and programs, exchange information, hold events and consultations.
Responding to the request ID of the CTC, the UN, the CIS Antiterrorist centre is currently preparing a review of the best practices of the States-participants of the CIS on preventive work with the “returnees” who have served their criminal punishment, and members of their families.
Adylbek Kydyraliev, an employee of the Antiterrorist centre of the State Committee of national security KR:
– the Issue of Kyrgyzstan in the zone of hostilities on the territory of Syria and Iraq, we are keeping under constant control. In accordance with the instructions of the government created an interdepartmental group in which participants gather information and analyze the received data on Kyrgyzstan, who are in the prisons and camps of the militants in Iraq. The fighting waged disparate terrorist groups, complicate the work, and it does not allow any concrete action for the return of citizens of KR to their homeland.
In Syria, the majority of our citizens located on the territories not controlled by government forces. In such circumstances, to carry out identification of the individual impossible. In addition, there are a lot of children that are born directly on the territory of Syria and Iraq. They have no documents.
